The Impact Of Childcare Wages On Job Satisfaction, Job...

In this chapter, the key findings with regard to the research questions were reviewed and broad conclusions based on the findings of the studies were described. The chapter concluded with implications and recommendations for stakeholders. The purpose of this research study was to find the impact of childcare wages on job satisfaction, job commitment, and program quality. The research questions for this study are listed below. What is the relationship between the individual wages for teachers and support staff and job satisfaction? The job satisfaction data came from the response to the Early Childhood Job Satisfaction Survey (ECJSS) (see Appendix A) and wage information was obtained from the Supplemental Information Sheet (SIS) (see Appendix B). The ECJSS is a standardized survey instrument that measures the perceived job satisfaction on five facets of the scale among early childcare staff (Appendix A). Part I of the ECJSS is categorized into five facets on a 5-point Likert scale that consisted of 10 items each (Appendix A). The five facets are: co-worker relations, supervisor relations, the nature of the work itself, working conditions, and pay and promotion opportunities. In answering the research question, summative score of five facets from the ECJSS, based on the 5 point Likert response with 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree, was utilized to measure the job satisfaction level of early child care staff. Half of the items were reverse coded with 1 = stronglyShow MoreRelatedJob Motivation And Salary Satisfaction1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe wages for employees in child day care are not high in comparison to other professions (Van Der Kwartel et al., 2007). When employees are content with their salary, they are likely subject to mental agreements (Lee Lin, 2014). Job motivation and salary satisfaction are feelings that can inspire employees and drive forces in competitive returns for organizations (Lee Lin, 2014). Mental agreement signifies the expectation of the staff towards the organization and the expectation of the organizationRead MoreA Critical Understanding of the Theories and Principles of Resource Leadership and Management Practice Together with an Analysis of a Current Resource Dilemma Within the Setting.3202 Words   |  13 PagesThis encompasses all aspects of recruitment and selection, development, reward, employee relations, health and safety and well-be ing of all staff. Therefore, making human resource management a tool used to promote employee development and employee satisfaction (Patrickson amp; Hartmann, 2001). A quick overview of the setting and the changes which have occurred including team building and leadership styles, along with key theoretical and conceptual ideas of HRM will be discussed. Particular attentionRead MoreVirgin Media As A Subsidiary Company Of Liberty Global Plc1616 Words   |  7 Pagesstaff savings schemes. they also emphasise the opportunities to progress through the company is an important factor for example an apprentice can go from apprentice to service technician and a network engineer within 18 months thus showing their commitment to progressing their employees through the company this helps keep them motivated as they will feel there are important to the company, through these other motivational factors used by Virgin Media there methods of motivating employees fallsRead MoreEssay about Human Resource Management in Hilton Worldwide3505 Words   |  15 Pagesseveral sections that yield information on major topics: planning, recruitment and selection; training and development; reward management; employee relations. In details this report examines how applied human resource practices may impact on the organizational commitment in the hotel industry by example Hilton Worlwide. The main body introduces HRM, Hilton profile, short brief of analysis to identify issues and practices that lead to improvement. The study shows an essential importance role of trainingRead MoreWork-Family Balance2279 Words   |  9 Pagesare less likely to hold traditional ideas about gender, work and family roles. Within the family, attitudes toward gender roles have become more liberal, moving in the direction of sharing of housework and childcare. (Cohen, Devault Strong, 2011). An ideal for modern family is to share wage-earning and family responsibilities in equal basis (Lamanna, Riedman and Strahm, 2012). Giraffe (2011) stated that individuals manage the competing demands of work and personal lives, the need for lifelongRead MoreIntroduction to Large Scale Organizations18988 Words   |  76 Pagesallows more capital to be available, thus potential for growth Specialisation Large-scale operation s allow the organisations to specialise into fewer services, possible allowing an increase in efficiency For Society Provide employment Directly offer jobs within them, or indirectly to customers and suppliers Develop industrial base and stimulate infrastructure growth LSO s have the capital and expertise in addition to government support to perform large-scale projects, their requirements such as transportRead MoreMonetary Rewards Essay3987 Words   |  16 Pagescustomer satisfaction. Group Incentives Research suggests very little information as to what practices make profit sharing pay systems effective (Sweins and Kalmi, 2008). Regardless of this lack of research there is plenty of research that suggests it is in fact very effective and being widely used throughout the world even if we don’t know what makes it work so well yet. In a study done by Sweins and Kalmi (2008) they found that profit sharing increases organizational commitment and job satisfactionRead More Sexual Inequality in the Workforce Essay5130 Words   |  21 Pagestwo-thirds of the world’s work, their achievements are very often invisible. Women work hard, but they often receive little credit for their accomplishments. Yet, rarely (relative to men) do they reach high-visibility positions and leadership. The impact of these prejudices reach into the lives of all women as they make decisions about what to aim for, what to study, how to support themselves and their families economically, and what they might contribute to their communities at the local, nationalRead MoreCase Study : Human Resources Management2998 Words   |  12 Pagesmanagement function is responsible for initiating and implementing change strategies for companies operating in the airline industry (Boyd 2001, pp440). Furthermore, for companies in the airline industry HRM plays a significant role in ensuring job satisfaction, managing employees in their informal groups, motivating employees, conflict management, team development, personality development, change management, human relations, leadership and communication within the organization (Robbins and Tim 2009Read MoreImproving Social Compliance in Bangladeshs Ready-Made Garment Industry9150 Words   |  37 Pagesspecification and or standard that must be followed by business organizations. Compliance issues are recognised by ILO and WTO me chanisms (Anand, 2006). 3 2 2 informal recruitment, and irregular payment, sudden termination, wage discrimination, excessive work, and abusing child labour. Moreover workers suffer various kinds of diseases due to the unhygienic environment and a number of workers are killed in workplace accidents, fires and panic stampedes. Absence of an appropriate

Essay on Loss of Innocence - 1352 Words

In A Separate Peace, John Knowles carries the theme of the inevitable loss of innocence throughout the entire novel. Several characters in the novel sustain both positive and negative changes, resulting from the change of the peaceful summer sessions at Devon to the reality of World War II. While some characters embrace their development through their loss of innocence, others are at war with themselves trying to preserve that innocence. Knowles foreshadows the boys’ loss of innocence through the war, and their constant jumps from the tree. While getting ready for the war the boys practice and show off their skills on the tree by the Devon River. These jumps are done for fun yet the boys see them as a routine, something that has†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"But I no longer needed this vivid false identity . . . I felt, a sense of my own real authority and worth, I had many new experiences and I was growing up â€Å"(156). Gene’s self-identity battle ends and he finds his real self. Gene’s developing maturity is also shown when he tells the truth about Leper. His growing resentment against having to mislead people helps Gene become a better person. When Brinker asks about Leper, Gene wants to lie and tell him he is fine but his resentment is stronger than him. Instead Gene comes out and tells the truth that Leper has gone crazy. By pushing Finny out of the tree, crippling him for life and watching him die; Gene kills a part of his own character, his essential purity. Throughout the whole novel Gene strives to be Finny, but by the end he forms a character of his own. Gene looks into his own heart and realizes the evil. â€Å". . . it seemed clear that wars were not made by generations and their special stupidities, but that wars were made instead by something ignorant in the human heart† (201). He grasps that the creation of personal problems creates wars. Gene comes to acknowledge Finny’s uniqueness and his idealism an d greatly admires his view of the world. He allows Finny’s influence to change him and eliminates the self-ignorance. At Finny’s funeral Gene feels that he buries a part of himself, his innocence. â€Å"I could not escape a feelingShow MoreRelatedLoss of Innocence1478 Words   |  6 PagesInnocence is usually associated with youth and ignorance. The loss of ones innocence is associated with the evils of the world. However, the term innocence can be interpreted in a variety of ways. Similarly, the loss of ones innocence can be interpreted in more than one way, and, depending on the interpretation, it may happen numerous times. The loss of innocence is culture specific and involves something that society holds sacrosanct. It is also bounded by different religious beliefs. Read MoreLoss of Innocence1554 Words   |  7 PagesMany people experience the loss of innocence every day because it’s just a natural thing. One way that people loss their innocence is t hrough the violence of war. Most people in a war will come unto the fact that it’s a kill or be killed kind of thing. Everyone would naturally choose to kill another man and that’s how many people in a war end up losing their innocence. Another way that people lose their innocence is when they witness the death of someone else. In the book â€Å"Fallen Angels,† LieutenantRead MoreLoss of Innocence757 Words   |  4 PagesIt has been said that innocence can be defined as the state or quality of being morally free from guilt or sin, through lack of knowledge of evil. I will examine pieces of literature that convey the loss of innocence to either a particular person, or a group of people. The first piece of writing I have chosen is, The Lord of the Flies by William Golding. In the middle of a war, a plane carrying a group of schoolboys crashed onto an island. The pilot had been killed, so that left the boys to fendRead MoreLoss of Innocence550 Words   |  2 PagesInnocence is used to show how a person can show self-control and restriction. However, when it comes to loss of innocence, the body gives in to anything, temptation, sin, and many others. In the poem, â€Å"Loss of Innocence† (Stewart), innocence becomes useless as other problems take over, in place of innocence. It is almost as if â€Å"Innocence swept away† (Stewart) and as a replacement, â€Å"Sinful satisfaction sweeps over†(Stewart). The loss of innocence requires time, like in the book Tuesdays with MorrieRead MoreRacism And Loss Of Innocence1428 Words   |  6 PagesLee presents to society touches many universal themes of society mechanics from the past and still connects to the present. Throughout the novel there are various forms of prejudice that evoke in the presence of social inequality, racism and loss of innocence. In any form of environment, social inequality and status always comes through as human nature. Throughout the novel, Scout’s prejudice against Walter Cunningham changes. In the beginning she judges and disrespects Walter, by the way he eatsRead MoreLoss of Innocence in Frankenstein1168 Words   |  5 PagesLoss of Innocence in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Innocence, throughout time it is lost, varying from who and how much. Throughout the novel Frankenstein there is a central theme of loss of innocence, cleverly instilled by the author, Mary Shelley. This theme is evident in Frankensteins monster, Victor Frankenstein himself, and three other minor characters that lose their innocence consequently from the two major characters loss. Frankensteins monster is destined to lose all innocence asRead MoreA Loss of Innocence Essay1010 Words   |  5 Pagesbelieving that money and luck indicate one’s level of happiness. William Golding’s novel tries to show that all children are evil and have savage impulses. A common theme in both of these works is that children create their own downfall and loss of innocence. In D.H. Lawrence’s The Rocking Horse Winner, Paul is searching for an identity and love. Paul’s mother was incapable of love; â€Å"when her children were present, she always felt the centre of her heart go hard.† Paul’s mother desires materialisticRead MoreThe Loss Of Innocence As A Child1951 Words   |  8 Pages2013 Saving Innocence Mornings filled with coloring, recess, and naps; afternoons spent with mom playing superheroes and baking cookies; evenings spent with dad telling him about the cool new friend you met playing Red Rover at school.The life of a child is relatively simple and pain-at least in the sense we often relate it to as adults-is often non-existent and if present usually doesn’t go past not getting to be the line leader at school. So what exactly leads to the loss of innocence as a childRead MoreThe Loss Of Innocence And Self Essay2093 Words   |  9 PagesDoes such a thing as â€Å"growing up,† really happen, does the idea of the loss of innocence and self -discovery exist outside literature I used to think Yes, then No. Now I think it’s a little bit of both. I think that the past events that happened to me these last 5 years are the reason why. Esta à © a histà ³ria da vida. Minha vida que meio acontece. A vida acontece. My name is Carla-Cristina and I am 18 years old and I had never seen a monkey nor the ocean til I was the was 12, even though I grewRead MoreLoss Of Innocence In Catcher In The Rye1429 Words   |  6 PagesJustin Hwang Ms. Lydia Wells English 9 10/24/17 Loneliness and Phoniness: Loss of Innocence in Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye Loss of innocence is one of the major elements of The Catcher in the Rye that make the novel so renowned. The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is about an adolescent named Holden who wanders around New York City after being kicked out of a prestigious boarding school in eastern Pennsylvania. While learning more about himself and the adult world, he experiences alcohol,

Analysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan - 1190 Words

A Mother and Her Daughter In Amy Tan’s â€Å"Two Kinds† (1989), a section of her novel â€Å"The Joy Luck Club†, Tan depicts the mother-daughter relationship between June and her mother, Ms. Woo. Ms. Woo is determined to turn June into a child prodigy, forcing her to try different activities to see if she would be a prodigy in that field. Ms. Woo then forces June to take piano lessons, and to her content June continues to play the piano with lessons from Mr. Chong. When it comes time for June to perform in her school recital, she failed miserably because she refused to practice correctly, causing a conflict that would go unsolved with her mother. The Central idea in â€Å"Two Kinds† is not only focused on the Mother-Daughter relationship between June†¦show more content†¦Since having a child prodigy has such impact socially for Ms. Woo, her vigor is personified. This vigorous tone eventually causes Junes tone to change from hopeful and somewhat submissive to an enraged vigorous tone like her mothers. Compared to the tone at the beginning of the story, June and her mother substitute their tone for one another’s. June’s mother when â€Å"half pulling, half carrying†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1238) June to practice her piano, starts the reaction that reverses the tones in the story. June then proclaims that she â€Å"wish I’d never been born†¦ wish I were dead! Like them.† (1238). This enraged tone causes her mother to take on a submissive or passive tone, â€Å"her mouth closed, her arms went slack†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1238). The tone expressed in â€Å"two Kinds† helps to identify the cultural differences and mother-daughter conflicts outlined by the central idea. The stuck up, snobby tone that Ms. Woo portrays when socializing among the community is indicative of the culture around her. By having excellence in a field , you gain social hierarchy over others who do not have an excellence. This social standing is important given the vigorous and demanding tone Ms. Woo displays. This tone that is engendered by the cultural differences in Asian-American society pushes the tone expressed by Ms. Woo towards her daughter June. Furthermore, the tone that is produced helps paint a picture into the central ideaShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan1567 Words   |  7 Pages One of the most complex relationships is that of a mother and daughter. Amy Tan is an author who writes about her life growing up as an Asian-American in Chinatown. Her novel The Joy Luck Club is a series of short stories about Chinese mothers and their assimilated daughters. One of these stories is â€Å"Two Kinds,† which looks into the life of Jing-Mei Woo and her struggle to gain a sense of self. Some key themes in The Joy Luck Club are the generational and intercultural differences among Chinese-AmericanRead MoreAn alysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan803 Words   |  4 PagesSteve Maraboli once said, â€Å" When you hold a grudge, you want someone else’s sorrow to reflect your level of hurt but the two barely meet.† â€Å"Two Kinds,† by the author Amy Tan, exhibits how the difference in mindsets prompts a mother and daughter, named Jing-mei, to fail to see eye to eye. After a careful analysis of the story, the reader understands how Jing-meis relationship with her mom changed, why her relationship changed, and how the changed relationship affects the whole story. The daughtersRead MoreAnalysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan1365 Words   |  6 Pages In her short story, â€Å"Two Kinds,† Amy Tan describes the childhood of a Chinese immigrant’s daughter. Jing-Mei seeks to desperately become her own unique person but her mother has other plans for her because Jing-Mei’s mother realizes the abundant opportunities that are available to her daughter. Like many immigrants, Jing-Mei’s mother did not have the privilege of becoming a trained child genius, pianist, or a movie star. Instead, Jing-Mei’s mother had to endure many hardships in China such as losingRead MoreAnalysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan913 Words   |  4 Pages The story, â€Å"Two Kinds†, by Amy Tan employs symbolism, flashback, and conflict to express the love of a mother. This story starts off with the mother, Suyuan Woo, and her daughter, Jing-Mei, trying to find something that the daughter could become talented at, maybe at a prodigious level. Su yuan Woo introduced various activities that she thought could spark her daughter’s interest. However, none of them seem to be quite right for Jing-Mei. One day, Suyuan Woo bought a piano, hoping this might be theRead MoreAnalysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan1185 Words   |  5 PagesAmy Tan’s short story â€Å"Two Kinds† describes a Chinese immigrant family who hope of finding success and an overall betterment of life in America. After losing everything in China, Jing-mei’s mother, Mrs. Woo, tries as a minority house maid in the 1960s to provide all the opportunities she can for her last daughter. This short story revolves around the interactions between the Jing-mei, who desires a ordinary life, and Mrs. Woo, who seeks only the best from her daughter. The values of these two charactersRead MoreAnalysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan1960 Words   |  8 PagesCultures vary from throughout the world and throughout each family. The way parents raise us through love a nd affection, discipline and experiences form us as human beings. This brings us to our topic regarding the story â€Å"Two Kinds† by Amy Tan. In the story â€Å"Two Kinds†, the author Amy Tan shows the relationship between a mother who is a Chinese immigrant and her daughter that is Chinese American and the pressure she faces by her mother. From beginning to end it shows their whole relationship play outRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Two Kinds By Amy Tan1188 Words   |  5 Pages America is the land of opportunity. It is the land of freedom, and an immigrants chance to become what they desire. Growing up with two immigrant parents that is what we preached on a daily basis. Both of my parents immigrated to America for the chance of a better life, and they made that very clear to me. There was no exceptions for them. Either you became someone or you will become a disappointment. Pressure was put on me on a daily basis, and slacking off was not acceptable. Therefore, the mainRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Two Kinds By Amy Tan713 Words   |  3 Pagesthe case for the mother in â€Å"Two Kinds† by Amy Tan. The m other had an American dream expectation for her daughter to be prodigy girl who endowed at a young age exceptional qualities and abilities but her daughter did not share the same American dream as her mother. The post modern pice of literature is set after WWII . During this time it was all about individualism. The short story is a representation of many immigrant parents ans their children. Throughout the story Amy uses the characters, settingRead MoreAnalysis Of Amy Tan s Two Kinds984 Words   |  4 PagesBig Mistake â€Å"It was not the only disappointment my mother felt in me† (Tan 327). Growing up with a mother like mine, disappointment came very easily. In Amy Tan’s â€Å"Two Kinds† the mother and daughter were always on edge because the mother expected too much and the daughter could never meet up to the standards that she had set. After thirty years went by after their big falling out the mother gives the daughter a piano as a sign of forgiveness, but the daughter has a remaining feeling of guilt forRead MoreA Literary Analysis of Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay example976 Words   |  4 PagesTHEME The title of this short story â€Å"Two Kinds† is describes the theme of this story. The mother had stated that there are only two types of daughters. â€Å"Those who are obedient and those who follow their own mind.† (pg 412) Jing Mei did not understand the truth or meaning behind that declaration until after her mothers death. Jing Mei realized that her mother only meant that she could be an obedient child by listening to her mother while at the same time follow her own heart and want her own prodigy

Effects of Music on Society free essay sample

â€Å"Music is an important and extremely useful tool in the way we learn and to deny its power is a waste of a truly wonderful resource† (Kristian David Olson). Though some would look at music as a small footnote in the progression of humanity, it is in fact a much greater force; for some, it defines their very existence. The fact is, music is a driving force in society; it has been present since the dawn of man. The average person spends several hours a day listening to music, whether they see it as a main activity or just as something to take up space in the background. It is not surprising, then, that music has a great effect on how humans think and act, possibly even affecting intelligence. Several studies have been conducted on this theory; though some results are questionable, the consensus view seems to be that music has the capacity for both positive and negative effects. As a background activity, listening to music has been shown to positively affect mood, productivity, and even intelligence. As stated on the Reverse Spins website: â€Å"simply listening to music in the background while doing an arduous task can make it seem much easier, or in some cases [†¦] ease the strain of an activity† (Olson). Whether it is merely a distraction from the stress of a situation or genuinely lifts the mood of the listener, music has been shown in several studies to increase productivity in this manner. In both cases, the listener often finishes the activity in a shorter period of time and with less residual stress. If implemented into the classroom or workplace, this effect could improve test scores nationwide and increase productivity of the working class. Besides improving mood, listening to music has even been shown to encourage intellectual growth, particularly among children. It has been widely observed that â€Å"children, teens, and even babies potentially benefit from listening to music, as music can be a stimulant to intellectual and cognitive development† (â€Å"Psychology of Music†). It is a possibility that this intellectual growth may sprout from the extra motivation that music grants (as mentioned earlier), providing room for further exploration and growth. It is also possible that the mental activity of memorization and counting beats may spur brain development; however, these effects would be minimal in the average listener. Whatever the actual causes of this effect, it seems that a more productive and intelligent society may develop within a musical environment. Though the effects of merely listening to music are somewhat significant, the effects of musical education are even greater. Many experts agree that â€Å"with music lessons, because there are so many different facets involved, such as memorizing, expressing emotion, and learning about musical interval and chords, the multidimensional nature of the experience may be motivating to the IQ effect† (â€Å"Effect of Music on Children’s Intelligence†). A child taking music lessons greatly improves their comprehension of proportional math, which is of great importance in higher level mathematics. Besides the more obvious mathematical effect, the child will explore the lyrical rhythm and content of the music; understanding the vocabulary and rhythm of the musical language may allow them to improve both their reading and writing skills. So, in effect, an education in music will aid the child in what are considered by many to be the two most important and fundamental area s of study. On this same note, concerning failing students, music education has been shown to pull children from even the greatest depths of academic failure. As Olson says, â€Å"music can be one of the most influential factors in getting at-risk students motivated† (Olson). With a step outside of the normal, standardized educational system, the failing student may be able to see music as inspiration to do well in other areas of life. Through music, the student may now be able to express thought and emotion, make bonds with other musicians, and feel the need for self improvement. With these types of changes, the student will seek improvement both consciously and unconsciously in the classroom and in other areas of life. Through the observations and in-depth studies presented, it seems that the implementation of music education into the school system could solve many of the problems that test preparation classes and overbearing focus on core areas of education can not. Despite the advantages music may offer to students, there is a possibility that music may also have negative effects upon impressionable young minds. The Suite 101 website, exploring both the positive and negative effects music can have, had this to say: â€Å"Certain types of music or more specifically, [music with] violent lyrics, are believed to have a negative impact on adolescents† (â€Å"Effects of Music on Children and Adolescents†). With the experience of music being so close to the human psyche, the listener naturally experiences both emotional highs and lows. While most would feel nothing more than a relieving cathartic effect, in some cases troubled adolescents have been pushed over the edge while listening to music, or encouraged in their self-destructive habits. Many documented suicides have taken place while music played in the background, and there is some speculation that extended listening could lead to anti-social behavior. However, cases of this are few and far between; often it seems that the subject was previously troubled, before music could have been pinned as the primary cause. In other words, music is not really the cause of the problem, though it clearly affects the mind and actions of the troubled adolescent. Furthermore, sexual promiscuity and excessive profanity in modern music (hip hop is specifically mentioned) have also been said to affect the young psyche. Again quoting from the Suite 101 website: â€Å"Sexually explicit lyrics and mounds of profanity exuberate through certain hip hop songs [which] can have a negative effect on the thoughts and feelings of adolescents† (â€Å"Effects of Music on Children and Adolescents†). Though there is no well publicized study as to the truth of this theory, mere observation might be evidence enough. To the casual observer, it may seem clear that both music and society as a whole have become more promiscuous as time passes. The prominent theory is that the explici t nature of some modern music has desensitized today’s youth to immoral thoughts and actions. Though not studied extensively, there is clearly a correlation between the subject matter of music and the actions of the listener; therefore, this theory cannot be entirely dismissed. Using the resources provided and careful observation, it is clear that music is a powerful force in human society. Listening to certain music has been shown to improve mood, increase productivity, and even encourage intellectual growth, while music education can have an even greater effect. On the negative side, there are also correlations between promiscuous or violent music and destructive behavior; though some of these correlations can be attributed to a previously troubled youth, others are not so easy to dismiss. However wonderful or terrible it may be, music is a cornerstone of human culture; it is a learning tool, a method of communication, and, for some, a way of life. As such, it should be treated with respect. Works Cited Kelley, Tasha. â€Å"Effects of Music on Children and Adolescents.† Suite 101. 4 Feb 2011. http://www.suite101.com/ â€Å"Music Psychology† Win Mental Health. 4 Feb 2011. http://www.winmentalhealth.com/ Olson, Kristen David. â€Å"The Effects of Music on the Mind.† Reverse Spins. 4 Feb 2011. http://www.reversespins.com/ â€Å"The Effect of Music on Children’s Intelligence.† Raise Smart Kid. 4 Feb 2011. http://www.raisesmartkid.com/